What is an international standard for a high-speed, connection-oriented, cell switching technology?

Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) is the correct answer because it was specifically designed as a high-speed, connection-oriented technology that uses cell switching for data transmission. ATM employs fixed-size packets known as "cells" (each being 53 bytes) which allows for efficient handling of various types of traffic including voice, video, and data services. This makes it suitable for applications that require a guaranteed quality of service (QoS), such as video conferencing and real-time voice communications.

ATM’s ability to maintain connection-oriented services, along with its support for multiple types of traffic, makes it an international standard choice for high-speed networking especially in environments where consistent and reliable data transmission is essential. It gained popularity in wide area networks (WANs) and as a backbone technology before the widespread adoption of IP-based technologies.

In contrast, the other options, while they are important technologies in networking, do not specifically meet the criteria outlined in the question in the same way. For example, Internet Protocol (IP) is a connectionless protocol that does not guarantee a fixed connection or specific transmission timing. Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) is more of a method of routing rather than a cell-switching technology per se, and Frame Relay, although it