What is the primary function of a router in a network?

The primary function of a router in a network is to direct data packets between different networks. Routers analyze the destination IP addresses of incoming data packets and determine the best path for them to reach their destination by forwarding them through the appropriate interfaces. This enables communication between devices on different networks, allowing for data exchange across the internet and between local networks.

Routers play a crucial role in managing network traffic, ensuring that packets take the most efficient route, and maintaining a reliable connection. They can also provide additional functions such as network address translation (NAT), firewall capabilities, and Quality of Service (QoS) management to enhance network performance.

The other options pertain to different network devices or functions. For example, amplifying signals is associated with repeaters or amplifiers, temporary data storage relates to buffers or switches, and converting digital signals to analog is a role fulfilled by modems. These functions are not the primary duties of a router, which is fundamentally concerned with packet routing and inter-network communication.